Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?02:05

Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?

8.4K
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
8.4K
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?02:05

Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?

3.8K
3.8K
Multi-species Conserved Sequences02:51

Multi-species Conserved Sequences

5.0K
Next-generation sequencing technologies have created large genomic databases of a variety of animals and plants. Ever since the human genome project was completed, scientists studied the genome of primates, mammals, and other phylogenetically distant living beings. Such large-scale  studies have provided new insights into the evolutionary relationship between organisms.
Although the genome of each species varies greatly from each other, a few sequences are highly conserved. Such conserved...
5.0K
Cis-regulatory Sequences02:02

Cis-regulatory Sequences

12.3K
Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
12.3K
Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

3.7K
3.7K
Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

9.5K
While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
9.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

SIRT7 regulates dosage compensation and safeguards the female X chromosome.

Nature·2026
Same author

EPIMETRIC: A cfDNA Methylation-Based Algorithm for COPD Diagnosis and Stratification.

Archivos de bronconeumologia·2026
Same author

Draft assemblies for 177 bird species enhance genus-level coverage.

GigaScience·2026
Same author

MethylSense: high accuracy machine learning-based diagnostics for <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> infection in chickens using host cell-free DNA methylation and Nanopore sequencing.

Journal of clinical microbiology·2026
Same author

GWAS meta-analysis of cerebrospinal fluid Alzheimer's biomarkers reveals loci regulating lipids, brain volume and autophagy.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

The genomic impact of population connectivity and decline in Africa's elephants.

Nature communications·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 12, 2026

An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis
09:37

An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis

Published on: July 12, 2022

4.2K

Analysis of Five Gene Sets in Chimpanzees Suggests Decoupling between the Action of Selection on Protein-Coding and

Gabriel Santpere1, Elena Carnero-Montoro1, Natalia Petit1

  • 1Departament de Ciències Experimentals i la Salut, Institute of Evolutionary Biology (UPF-CSIC), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, PRBB, Barcelona, Spain.

Genome Biology and Evolution
|May 16, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Selective forces on gene regions differ. Coding and noncoding DNA sequences show decoupled evolutionary histories, impacting adaptation and gene function, particularly in neurological genes.

Keywords:
AlzheimerParkinsonbiochemical pathwayschimpanzeedistribution of fitness effectsfraction of adaptive substitution (α) and adaptive substitution rate (ωα)natural selection

More Related Videos

A Protocol for Using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis to Identify the Appropriate Animal Model for Translational Research
09:35

A Protocol for Using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis to Identify the Appropriate Animal Model for Translational Research

Published on: August 16, 2017

18.5K
A Novel Bayesian Change-point Algorithm for Genome-wide Analysis of Diverse ChIPseq Data Types
12:39

A Novel Bayesian Change-point Algorithm for Genome-wide Analysis of Diverse ChIPseq Data Types

Published on: December 10, 2012

11.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 12, 2026

An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis
09:37

An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis

Published on: July 12, 2022

4.2K
A Protocol for Using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis to Identify the Appropriate Animal Model for Translational Research
09:35

A Protocol for Using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis to Identify the Appropriate Animal Model for Translational Research

Published on: August 16, 2017

18.5K
A Novel Bayesian Change-point Algorithm for Genome-wide Analysis of Diverse ChIPseq Data Types
12:39

A Novel Bayesian Change-point Algorithm for Genome-wide Analysis of Diverse ChIPseq Data Types

Published on: December 10, 2012

11.8K

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Genomics
  • Molecular evolution

Background:

  • Selective pressures vary across coding and noncoding genomic regions.
  • Understanding these pressures is key to deciphering evolutionary trajectories and gene function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate differences and similarities in selective forces acting on coding and noncoding gene regions.
  • Analyze gene sets related to protein evolution rates, introns, and neurological functions (Parkinson's, Alzheimer's).

Main Methods:

  • Combined human-chimpanzee divergence patterns with chimpanzee polymorphism data.
  • Utilized the distribution of fitness effect-alpha extension of the McDonald-Kreitman test.
  • Analyzed coding sequences, untranslated regions, promoters, and conserved noncoding sequences.

Main Results:

  • The distribution of fitness effect-alpha method effectively distinguishes scenarios of accelerated divergence (adaptation vs. relaxed constraints).
  • Coding and noncoding sequences within analyzed gene sets exhibit decoupled adaptive histories.
  • Confirmed previous inferences on evolutionary rates and extended them to various genomic elements.

Conclusions:

  • Selective forces acting on coding and noncoding regions are not always synchronized.
  • Decoupled evolutionary paths suggest distinct adaptive histories for different genomic elements within genes.
  • This finding has implications for understanding gene regulation, function, and disease evolution.