Anemia and Inflammation in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Interventional Cardiology
• Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease

Background:

• ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) requires timely intervention.
• Predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) post-primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is crucial for patient outcomes.
• Identifying reliable predictors can optimize post-PCI management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify factors predicting the onset of MACEs in STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI.
• To evaluate the predictive value of hemoglobin (HgB), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) for MACEs.
• To explore the role of these factors in different LVEF subgroups.

Main Methods:

• A cohort of 248 STEMI patients who underwent successful primary PCI were enrolled.
• Patients were followed for one year to monitor MACEs.
• Univariate, multivariate logistic regression, and ROC curve analyses were performed to identify independent predictors.

Main Results:

• 14.5% of patients experienced MACEs within one year.
• Independent predictors of MACEs included lower hemoglobin (HgB), higher neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), Global Registry of Acute Coronary Event score, and post-PCI left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).
• Higher NLR and lower HgB were significant predictors in patients with preserved LVEF (>48%), while NLR also predicted short-term MACEs.

Conclusions:

• Elevated NLR and decreased HgB levels are independent predictors of 1-year MACEs in STEMI patients post-PCI.
• These predictive values are particularly notable in patients with preserved LVEF (>48%).
• Abnormally high NLR on admission is an important indicator for short-term MACE risk.