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Cation Diffusivity and the Mixed Network Former Effect in Borosilicate Glasses.

Morten M Smedskjaer1,2, John C Mauro2, Yuanzheng Yue1

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The mixed network former effect in borosilicate glasses is driven by changes in tetrahedral boron groups (BO4/2). These structural changes significantly impact sodium-potassium interdiffusion and calcium diffusion, crucial for glass applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid State Chemistry
  • Glass Science

Background:

  • Cationic diffusion in silicate glasses is vital for advanced applications.
  • The mixed network former effect describes nonlinear transport properties due to network former distribution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate sodium-potassium interdiffusion (D̅Na-K) and calcium diffusion (DCa) in soda lime borosilicate glasses.
  • Determine the relationship between glass structure and diffusion behavior, focusing on the mixed network former effect.

Main Methods:

  • Studied soda lime borosilicate glasses with varying silica/borate ratios and constant modifier content.
  • Analyzed the composition dependence of D̅Na-K and DCa.

Main Results:

  • Observed a pronounced nonlinear composition dependence of D̅Na-K and DCa, confirming the mixed network former effect.
  • Initial B2O3 addition decreased diffusivities; the effect diminished with higher B2O3 concentrations.
  • Found that 99% of the composition dependence of log D̅Na-K is linked to the concentration of tetrahedral boron groups (BO4/2).

Conclusions:

  • The mixed network former effect in these glasses is primarily attributed to the concentration of tetrahedral boron groups (BO4/2).
  • Formation of BO4/2 groups impedes the diffusion of alkali and alkaline earth ions.
  • Interactions between network formers dictate the concentration of BO4/2 groups, thus controlling diffusion.