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Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens01:31

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Author Correction: Age-dependent Zap70 expression in thymocytes regulates selection of the neonatal regulatory T cell repertoire.

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Indoctrinating T cells to attack pathogens through homeschooling.

Caitlin S Parello1, Eric S Huseby1

  • 1Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.

Trends in Immunology
|May 17, 2015
PubMed
Summary

T cell receptor (TCR) interactions with self-major histocompatibility protein (pMHC) balance autoimmunity and foreign antigen responses. This interaction enhances T cell repertoire efficiency by favoring peptide cross-reactive T cells.

Keywords:
CD5T cell developmentT cell homeostasisTCR specificityautoimmunitydynamic tuning

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Adaptive immunity relies on T cells recognizing diverse pathogens.
  • T cell receptor (TCR)-self-major histocompatibility protein (pMHC) interactions are crucial for immune regulation.
  • These interactions may influence T cell activation thresholds and repertoire efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review findings on TCR-self-pMHC interactions.
  • To explore how these interactions regulate T cell activation.
  • To propose a model for how TCR-self-pMHC interactions enhance T cell repertoire efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on TCR-self-pMHC interactions.
  • Analysis of current understanding of T cell activation thresholds.
  • Theoretical proposal based on existing data.

Main Results:

  • TCR-self-pMHC interactions limit autoimmune responses.
  • These interactions enhance T cell responses to foreign antigens.
  • TCR-self-pMHC interactions provide a competitive advantage to peptide cross-reactive T cells, increasing repertoire efficiency.

Conclusions:

  • Self-reactivity and peptide cross-reactivity are likely controlled by specific CDR3 sequence motifs.
  • Thymic selection may export T cells with moderate peptide cross-reactivity for broad pathogen specificity.
  • TCR-self-pMHC interactions are key to balancing self-tolerance and effective pathogen response.