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The translation factor eIF5A and human cancer.

Michael B Mathews1, John W B Hershey2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
|May 17, 2015
PubMed
Summary

The eukaryotic initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) plays roles in translation, transcription, and transport. Its isoforms, eIF5A1 and eIF5A2, are linked to cancer progression and serve as potential biomarkers.

Keywords:
Cancer therapeuticsEukaryotic initiation factor eIF5AHypusine modificationProtein synthesisTranslational controlTumorigenesis

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • The eukaryotic initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) is a crucial translation factor with diverse cellular roles.
  • Two isoforms, eIF5A1 and eIF5A2, exist, with eIF5A1 being constitutive and eIF5A2 implicated in cancer.
  • Hypusination, a unique post-translational modification, is essential for eIF5A function and presents a therapeutic target.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biochemical functions of eIF5A.
  • To explore the connection between eIF5A isoforms and human cancer.
  • To discuss the clinical applications of targeting eIF5A.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of eIF5A functions.
  • Analysis of eIF5A isoform expression in normal tissues and cancers.
  • Examination of the role of hypusination in eIF5A activity.
  • Review of studies on the eIF5A regulon and proline-rich sequence translation.

Main Results:

  • eIF5A participates in both translation initiation and elongation, as well as other cellular processes.
  • Both eIF5A1 and eIF5A2 overexpression correlate with poor prognosis in various cancers.
  • eIF5A2 is a candidate oncogene, and both isoforms are potential cancer biomarkers.
  • The hypusination pathway is critical for eIF5A function and offers a target for therapeutic intervention.

Conclusions:

  • eIF5A is a multifaceted protein with significant implications in cancer biology.
  • Targeting eIF5A or its modification pathway holds promise for cancer therapy.
  • Further research into eIF5A's precise roles and clinical applications is warranted.