Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Nuclear Transmutation03:20

Nuclear Transmutation

21.1K
Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed...
21.1K
Isotopes and Radioisotopes01:28

Isotopes and Radioisotopes

13.9K
In the early 1900s, English chemist Frederick Soddy realized that an element could have atoms with different masses that were chemically indistinguishable. These different types are called isotopes — atoms of the same element that differ in mass. Isotopes differ in mass because they have different numbers of neutrons but are chemically identical because they have the same number of protons. Soddy was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1921 for this discovery.
An isotope containing...
13.9K
Nuclear Power02:36

Nuclear Power

9.9K
Controlled nuclear fission reactions are used to generate electricity. Any nuclear reactor that produces power via the fission of uranium or plutonium by bombardment with neutrons has six components: nuclear fuel consisting of fissionable material, a nuclear moderator, a neutron source, control rods, reactor coolant, and a shield and containment system.
Nuclear Fuels
Nuclear fuel consists of a fissile isotope, such as uranium-235, which must be present in sufficient quantity to provide a...
9.9K
Radiation: Applications01:17

Radiation: Applications

2.1K
The average temperature of Earth is the subject of much current discussion. Earth is in radiative contact with both the Sun and dark space; it receives almost all its energy from the radiation of the Sun and reflects some of it into outer space. Dark space is very cold, about 3 K, so Earth radiates energy into it. For instance, heat transfer occurs from soil and grasses, the rate of which can be so rapid that frost can occur on clear summer evenings, even in warm latitudes.
The average...
2.1K
Types of Radioactivity03:23

Types of Radioactivity

21.5K
The most common types of radioactivity are α decay, β decay, γ decay, neutron emission, and electron capture.
Alpha (α) decay is the emission of an α particle from the nucleus. For example, polonium-210 undergoes α decay:
21.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Pan-cancer analysis reveals the prognostic relevance of NUP54 and its association with HIF-1α-related glycolytic phenotypes in lung adenocarcinoma.

Cellular signalling·2026
Same author

Efficacy and hepatotoxicity of Psoralea corylifolia L.: A meta-analysis and machine learning assessment in postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Journal of ethnopharmacology·2026
Same author

Association between immune-inflammatory biomarkers (NLR, PLR, SII, SIRI) and obesity in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

International journal of obesity (2005)·2026
Same author

Machine learning-based risk prediction of 28-day mortality for sepsis patients with augmented renal clearance.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Elevated plasma klotho levels attenuate Alzheimer's disease pathologies and cognitive decline in APOE ε4 carriers.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same author

Intraoperative tranexamic acid use in elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures: impact on early postoperative inflammation and clinical outcomes.

Frontiers in physiology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 12, 2026

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies
08:34

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

Published on: February 6, 2019

21.3K

[The basic structure of heavy-ion tumor therapy facility].

Tong Wang, Ping Xiao, Shaowei Jia

    Zhongguo Yi Liao Qi Xie Za Zhi = Chinese Journal of Medical Instrumentation
    |May 19, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    Heavy-ion therapy offers improved physical and radiobiological benefits over proton therapy. This review details the essential equipment and optimized techniques for heavy-ion therapy facilities.

    More Related Videos

    Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition
    06:20

    Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

    Published on: March 11, 2021

    7.9K
    Characterization of Recombination Effects in a Liquid Ionization Chamber Used for the Dosimetry of a Radiosurgical Accelerator
    07:31

    Characterization of Recombination Effects in a Liquid Ionization Chamber Used for the Dosimetry of a Radiosurgical Accelerator

    Published on: May 9, 2014

    12.3K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Apr 12, 2026

    Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies
    08:34

    Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

    Published on: February 6, 2019

    21.3K
    Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition
    06:20

    Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

    Published on: March 11, 2021

    7.9K
    Characterization of Recombination Effects in a Liquid Ionization Chamber Used for the Dosimetry of a Radiosurgical Accelerator
    07:31

    Characterization of Recombination Effects in a Liquid Ionization Chamber Used for the Dosimetry of a Radiosurgical Accelerator

    Published on: May 9, 2014

    12.3K

    Area of Science:

    • Medical Physics
    • Radiation Oncology
    • Particle Therapy

    Background:

    • Heavy-ion therapy utilizes charged particles heavier than protons for cancer treatment.
    • It offers superior depth-dose distribution and enhanced biological effectiveness compared to proton therapy.
    • Global installation of heavy-ion therapy facilities is increasing due to technical and clinical advancements.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review and classify the fundamental equipment comprising heavy-ion therapy systems.
    • To highlight optimized techniques crucial for the successful implementation of heavy-ion therapy.
    • To provide an overview of key components including accelerators, gantries, nozzles, and treatment planning systems.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review and classification of heavy-ion therapy system components.
    • Analysis of optimized techniques in accelerator, gantry, nozzle, and treatment planning system (TPS) design.
    • Synthesis of information on the current state of heavy-ion therapy facility development.

    Main Results:

    • Detailed classification of heavy-ion therapy equipment, focusing on accelerators, gantries, nozzles, and TPS.
    • Identification of critical, optimized techniques essential for advanced heavy-ion therapy.
    • Overview of the global trend towards increased installation of these advanced facilities.

    Conclusions:

    • Heavy-ion therapy systems comprise complex, optimized equipment for advanced cancer treatment.
    • The review provides a foundational understanding of the essential components and techniques in modern heavy-ion therapy.
    • Continued development and facility installation underscore the growing clinical significance of heavy-ion therapy.