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Basal metabolic rate in children with chronic kidney disease and healthy control children

Caroline E Anderson1, Rodney D Gilbert2, Marinos Elia3

  • 1Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre-Nutrition, Southampton Children's Hospital, University of Southampton-University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, E level Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK. caroline.anderson@uhs.nhs.uk.

Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|May 19, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have similar basal metabolic rates (BMR) to healthy peers. However, lower kidney function in children with CKD correlates with reduced BMR, impacting energy needs.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Human Physiology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Meeting energy requirements is crucial for growth and outcomes in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  • Limited published data exists on energy expenditure in pediatric CKD.
  • Basal metabolic rate (BMR), a key component of energy expenditure, was investigated in relation to kidney function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if basal metabolic rate (BMR) in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is related to kidney function.
  • To assess BMR independently of weight, height, and lean body mass (LBM).

Main Methods:

  • Compared BMR measured by indirect calorimetry in 20 children with CKD and 20 healthy controls.
  • Predicted BMR using the Schofield equation.
  • Related estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) to BMR, adjusting for weight, height, age, and LBM.

Main Results:

  • Adjusted BMR did not significantly differ between children with CKD and healthy controls.
  • Percentage of predicted BMR was also comparable between the groups.
  • Within the CKD group, eGFR showed a significant positive relationship with BMR, independent of nutritional status and LBM.

Conclusions:

  • Estimated average requirement can guide energy prescriptions for children with moderate CKD (stage 3).
  • Children with more severe CKD exhibited significantly lower metabolic rates.
  • Individualized assessment of energy needs may be necessary for pediatric CKD patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
Basal metabolic rateChildrenChronic kidney diseaseEnergy requirementsGlomerular filtration rateLean body mass

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