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Processing Control Information in a Nominal Control Construction: An Eye-Tracking Study.

Nayoung Kwon1, Patrick Sturt2

  • 1Department of English Language and Literature, Konkuk University, 12 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea. nayoung.kw@gmail.com.

Journal of Psycholinguistic Research
|May 19, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study on nominal control construction processing found that grammatical information is accessed early during sentence parsing. Readers experienced processing difficulty with giver control sentences and showed slower reading times when reflexive pronouns mismatched gender cues.

Keywords:
Eye-trackingNominal control constructionPRORecency effectReflexive

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Computational Linguistics
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • The nominal control construction involves understanding dependencies between a controller, a controlled element (PRO), and a reflexive pronoun.
  • Previous research suggests ambiguity in processing these constructions, particularly regarding the antecedent of PRO.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the on-line processing of nominal control constructions using eye-tracking.
  • To determine when control information is accessed and utilized during sentence comprehension.
  • To examine the role of recency preferences and gender agreement in resolving control dependencies.

Main Methods:

  • An eye-tracking experiment was conducted with participants reading sentences featuring either giver or recipient control nominals.
  • A gender match/mismatch paradigm was employed to probe the use of control information.
  • Eye-movements were monitored to analyze reading times and processing difficulty.

Main Results:

  • Processing difficulty was observed for giver control sentences compared to recipient control sentences at the point of control dependency creation.
  • A recency preference was identified, where parsers favor recent antecedents for PRO.
  • A significant "mismatch cost" (slower reading times) occurred when reflexive pronouns mismatched the gender of the antecedent.

Conclusions:

  • Control information is accessed early in the parsing process, influencing sentence interpretation.
  • The nominal control construction guides dependency formation, including the resolution of PRO and reflexive pronouns.
  • Recency and gender cues play crucial roles in the on-line interpretation of these grammatical structures.