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Age-related striatal BOLD changes without changes in behavioral loss aversion.

Vijay Viswanathan1, Sang Lee2, Jodi M Gilman3

  • 1Medill Integrated Marketing Communications, Northwestern University Evanston, IL, USA ; Applied Neuromarketing Consortium: Northwestern University, Wayne State University, University of Michigan, Loughborough University School of Business and Economics (UK) and Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard University Chicago, IL, USA.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
|May 19, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Older adults exhibit heightened neural sensitivity to negative experiences, despite no change in loss aversion behavior. This suggests age-related brain changes in reward processing may impact how individuals perceive value.

Keywords:
agingfMRIloss aversionneurocompensationnucleus accumbensreward

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • Loss aversion (LA) describes how negative experiences have a greater psychological impact than positive ones.
  • Previous research suggests older adults may exhibit increased LA, but the role of aging and its neural underpinnings remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural processing of loss aversion (LA) in relation to aging.
  • To examine age-related changes in the brain's response to positive and negative stimuli.

Main Methods:

  • Functional MRI (fMRI) was used to study brain activity in a cohort with a 30-year age range.
  • Researchers analyzed the ventral striatum/nucleus accumbens (VS/NAc) response to affective faces.
  • Model-based fMRI analysis incorporated behavioral data from an approach/avoidance task.

Main Results:

  • No significant relationship was found between age and behavioral loss aversion (LA).
  • Increasing age correlated with increased neural differential sensitivity (NDS) in the VS/NAc for negative versus positive stimuli.
  • This suggests age-related alterations in reward processing circuitry.

Conclusions:

  • Aging does not alter behavioral loss aversion (LA) but modifies its neural processing.
  • The brain's reward system shows increased sensitivity to negative valuations with age.
  • These findings align with the concept of neural efficiency, where older brains may require more activation for similar behavioral outcomes.