Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Sequence Networks of Rotating Machines

Sequence Networks of Rotating Machines

A Y-connected synchronous generator, grounded through a neutral impedance, is designed to produce balanced internal phase voltages with only positive-sequence components. The generator's sequence networks include a source voltage that is exclusively in the positive-sequence network. The sequence components of line-to-ground voltages at the generator terminals illustrate this configuration.
Zero-sequence current induces a voltage drop across the generator's neutral impedance and other...

Circuit Terminology

Circuit Terminology

An electrical network is a system composed of interconnected elements, such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, and voltage or current sources. Unlike a circuit, an electrical network does not necessarily form a closed path. In other words, while all circuits can be considered networks due to their interconnected nature, not every network qualifies as a circuit.
A circuit, on the other hand, is also an interconnected system of electrical elements but must contain one or more closed paths.

Coordination Number and Geometry

Coordination Number and Geometry

For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.

Network Covalent Solids

Network Covalent Solids

Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...

Ladder Diagrams: Complexation Equilibria

Ladder Diagrams: Complexation Equilibria

Ladder diagrams are useful for evaluating equilibria involving metal-ligand complexes. The vertical scale of the ladder diagram represents the concentration of unreacted or free ligand, pL. The horizontal lines on the scale depict the log of stepwise formation constants for metal-ligand complexes and indicate the dominant species in all the regions.
The formation constant, K1, for the formation of Cd(NH3)2+ complex from cadmium and ammonia is 3.55 × 102. Log K1 (i.e. pNH3) is 2.55, and...

Geometry of Hyperbolas

Geometry of Hyperbolas

A hyperbola consists of all points where the absolute difference of distances to two fixed points, called foci, remains constant. The standard equation isEach branch extends infinitely and approaches two asymptotes, which guide the curve’s behavior. The parameters a and b define key features: a measures the distance from the center to each vertex along the transverse axis, while b influences the slopes of the asymptotes. The asymptotes have equationsA rectangle centered at the origin with...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

An all-in-one microfluidic system via data-driven design for on-site genotyping of genetically modified foods.

Biosensors & bioelectronics·2026

Same author

Serum-based untargeted metabolomics reveals the therapeutic mechanism of asiatic acid against atherosclerosis in ApoE<sup>-/-</sup> mice.

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology·2026

Same author

Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals the Gut-Mediated Mechanism Underlying the Seasonal Non-Laying Phenotype in Zhedong White Geese (<i>Anser cygnoides domesticus</i>).

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI·2026

Same author

Nicorandil to Prevent Contrast-Associated Kidney Injury in High-Risk PCI.

Circulation. Cardiovascular interventions·2026

Same author

Oestrogen synthesis mediated by Hsd17b12 isoforms and dynamic regulation by Cyp19a in the olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus).

The FEBS journal·2026

Same author

Establishment of methods for visual and rapid detection of piscine lactococcosis based on isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification.

BMC veterinary research·2026

Same journal

Turbulent flow in a vortex separator with a directed pipe inlet.

Scientific reports·2026

Same journal

Systematic characteristic evaluation of clay-based cementitious material derived from calcium carbide residue and waste tile powder.

Scientific reports·2026

Same journal

Retraction Note: Improvement of a rapid diagnostic application of monoclonal antibodies against avian influenza H7 subtype virus using Europium nanoparticles.

Scientific reports·2026

Same journal

Applying large language models to spam detection in the Kazakh low-resource language setting.

Scientific reports·2026

Same journal

An open-source 3D printing system enabling in-situ freeze-thaw processing of hydrogels.

Scientific reports·2026

Same journal

An enhanced EfficientNet framework for automated waste classification using cosine annealing and label smoothing.

Scientific reports·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 12, 2026

Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain

Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain

Published on: October 13, 2023

Emergent complex network geometry.

Zhihao Wu¹, Giulia Menichetti², Christoph Rahmede³

¹Beijing Key Lab of Traffic Data Analysis and Mining, School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.

Scientific Reports

|May 19, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new network model generates complex geometries with emergent properties like exponential growth and small-world networks. These findings apply to real-world biological, social, and technological systems.

More Related Videos

Inherent Dynamics Visualizer, an Interactive Application for Evaluating and Visualizing Outputs from a Gene Regulatory Network Inference Pipeline

Inherent Dynamics Visualizer, an Interactive Application for Evaluating and Visualizing Outputs from a Gene Regulatory Network Inference Pipeline

Published on: December 7, 2021

Interfacing 3D Engineered Neuronal Cultures to Micro-Electrode Arrays: An Innovative In Vitro Experimental Model

Interfacing 3D Engineered Neuronal Cultures to Micro-Electrode Arrays: An Innovative In Vitro Experimental Model

Published on: October 18, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 12, 2026

Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain

Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain

Published on: October 13, 2023

Inherent Dynamics Visualizer, an Interactive Application for Evaluating and Visualizing Outputs from a Gene Regulatory Network Inference Pipeline

Inherent Dynamics Visualizer, an Interactive Application for Evaluating and Visualizing Outputs from a Gene Regulatory Network Inference Pipeline

Published on: December 7, 2021

Interfacing 3D Engineered Neuronal Cultures to Micro-Electrode Arrays: An Innovative In Vitro Experimental Model

Interfacing 3D Engineered Neuronal Cultures to Micro-Electrode Arrays: An Innovative In Vitro Experimental Model

Published on: October 18, 2015

Area of Science:

Network science
Complex systems analysis
Mathematical modeling

Background:

Networks are fundamental to understanding complex systems like the brain and internet.
Characterizing network geometry is crucial for routing, inference, and data mining.
Existing models lack the ability to generate emergent complex network geometries.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a novel network model capable of generating emergent complex geometries.
To investigate the interplay of growth, topology, and geometry in network formation.
To demonstrate the model's ability to reproduce properties observed in real-world networks.

Main Methods:

Development of a two-parameter growing geometrical network model.
Analysis of emergent topological, structural, and geometrical properties.
Comparison of model outputs with properties of real-world biological, social, and technological networks.

Main Results:

The model generates complex network geometries with non-trivial curvature distributions.
It exhibits exponential growth, small-world properties, and finite spectral dimensionality.
Specific model limits produce scale-free networks with clustering or planar random geometries with modularity.

Conclusions:

The growing geometrical network model successfully generates emergent complex geometries.
The model's emergent properties align with those found in diverse real-world networks.
This work provides a framework for understanding the geometry of complex systems.