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Preadipocyte proliferation is elevated by calcium sensing receptor activation.

Gladys Rocha1, Elisa Villalobos1, Cecilia Fuentes1

  • 1Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), Universidad de Chile, El Líbano 5524, Macul, Casilla 138-11, Santiago, Chile.

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
|May 20, 2015
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Summary

Calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) activation promotes preadipocyte proliferation, a key factor in obesity. This suggests CaSR contributes to adipose tissue dysfunction and related metabolic issues.

Keywords:
AdiposeCalcium sensing receptorDysfunctionObesityPreadipocyteProliferation

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Metabolic Research
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Obesity is a global health crisis linked to adipose tissue dysfunction.
  • Adipose tissue cellularity, particularly preadipocyte numbers, influences metabolic health.
  • The calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) is implicated in adipose tissue dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if CaSR activation increases preadipocyte proliferation.
  • To explore the molecular mechanisms underlying CaSR-mediated effects on preadipocytes.

Main Methods:

  • Human LS14 preadipocytes were treated with CaSR activators (cinacalcet, GdCl3, spermine).
  • Cell viability and proliferation were assessed after 72 hours.
  • CaSR silencing (siRNA), ERK1/2 pathway inhibition, and inflammatory marker analysis were performed.

Main Results:

  • CaSR activators significantly increased preadipocyte proliferation (19-24%).
  • CaSR silencing abrogated the proliferative effect.
  • Cinacalcet elevated phospho-ERK1/2 levels, and inhibiting this pathway reduced proliferation.
  • Cinacalcet upregulated pro-inflammatory factors (IL1β, IL6, CCL2).

Conclusions:

  • CaSR activation promotes preadipocyte proliferation, partly via the ERK1/2 pathway.
  • These findings support a role for CaSR in adipose tissue dysfunction and obesity.
  • Targeting CaSR may offer therapeutic strategies for obesity-related metabolic disorders.