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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Brain Imaging01:14

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Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
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Cancer Therapies02:49

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 12, 2026

Modeling Brain Metastasis by Internal Carotid Artery Injection of Cancer Cells
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Modeling Brain Metastasis by Internal Carotid Artery Injection of Cancer Cells

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[Therapeutic options for brain metastases].

M Preusser1, F Winkler

  • 1Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Wien, Österreich, matthias.preusser@meduniwien.ac.at.

Der Nervenarzt
|May 21, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Brain metastases, common in lung cancer, breast cancer, and melanoma, present treatment challenges. Emerging targeted therapies and molecular markers are improving patient outcomes in an interdisciplinary setting.

Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Medical oncology
  • Cancer therapeutics

Context:

  • Brain metastases are a frequent complication in cancer patients, particularly those with lung cancer, breast cancer, and melanoma.
  • Established treatments like surgery and radiotherapy have limitations.
  • Emerging targeted therapies show promise for specific patient groups.

Purpose:

  • To review the current landscape of brain metastases management.
  • To highlight the role of novel targeted therapies.
  • To emphasize the importance of molecular markers and interdisciplinary care.

Summary:

  • Discusses the challenges in managing brain metastases.
  • Details targeted therapies including BRAF inhibitors, ipilimumab (anti-CTL4A), HER2 antagonists, and EGFR/ALK inhibitors for specific cancers.

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  • Advocates for an interdisciplinary approach guided by molecular markers.

    • Impact:

    • Improved patient outcomes through personalized, molecularly-guided treatment strategies.
    • Highlights the evolving paradigm in brain metastases care.
    • Facilitates better integration of novel therapies into clinical practice.