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Consumer sleep tracking devices: a critical review.

Jeon Lee1, Joseph Finkelstein1

  • 1Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.

Studies in Health Technology and Informatics
|May 21, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Consumer sleep trackers lack objective evidence for accuracy and effectiveness. Most devices offer limited data on sensor accuracy, and peer-reviewed studies show poor wake detection, questioning their health claims.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Sleep Science
  • Consumer Health Technology

Background:

  • Consumer sleep tracking devices are marketed for improving sleep quality and health.
  • Objective evidence supporting these claims is often limited.
  • This study reviews six popular sleep tracking devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review available information on six representative sleep tracking devices.
  • To evaluate devices based on output metrics, theoretical frameworks, systematic evaluation, and FDA clearance.
  • To assess the objective evidence supporting consumer sleep tracker claims.

Main Methods:

  • Review of six sleep tracking devices: BodyMedia FIT, Fitbit Flex, Jawbone UP, Basis Band, Innovative Sleep Solutions SleepTracker, and Zeo Sleep Manager Pro.
  • Analysis of device information regarding sensor accuracy, output metrics accuracy, and theoretical frameworks.
  • Examination of available peer-reviewed literature and FDA clearance status.

Main Results:

  • Critical lack of basic information: 5/6 devices lacked sensor accuracy data, 4/6 lacked output metrics accuracy data.
  • Only 3 devices had related peer-reviewed articles, revealing low and variable wake detection accuracy (e.g., Fitbit 19.8%, BodyMedia 49.9±3.6%).
  • No evidence was found supporting the devices' effectiveness in mitigating sleep loss or managing sleep disturbances.

Conclusions:

  • Most consumer sleep trackers lack sufficient objective evidence regarding accuracy and effectiveness.
  • The available data suggests significant limitations in wake detection accuracy for these devices.
  • Further rigorous research is needed to validate the claims and utility of consumer sleep tracking technology.