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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

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Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
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Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
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Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations01:26

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Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 12, 2026

Isolation of Endocardial and Coronary Endothelial Cells from the Ventricular Free Wall of the Rat Heart
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Right ventricular long noncoding RNA expression in human heart failure.

Thomas G Di Salvo1, Yan Guo2, Yan Ru Su1

  • 1Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.

Pulmonary Circulation
|May 21, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals novel long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and pseudogenes differentially expressed in human heart failure (HF). RNA sequencing identified these key noncoding RNAs, offering new targets for understanding HF mechanisms.

Keywords:
gene expressionhuman heart failurelong noncoding RNAright ventricletranscriptional profiling

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cardiovascular Science

Background:

  • Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) roles in human heart failure (HF) remain underexplored.
  • Understanding noncoding RNA expression is crucial for elucidating HF pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively profile the lncRNA transcriptome in human heart failure.
  • To identify differentially expressed lncRNAs, pseudogenes, and antisense RNAs in HF hearts compared to donor hearts.

Main Methods:

  • RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was performed on 22 explanted human HF hearts and 5 unused donor hearts.
  • Bioinformatic analyses using Cufflinks and DESeq identified transcript isoforms and differentially expressed genes.
  • Noncoding RNAs were annotated using Ensembl release 73, and functional roles were explored using in silico tools.

Main Results:

  • RNA-Seq identified 84,793 total transcripts, including 13,019 protein-coding genes, 2,085 lncRNA genes, and 1,064 pseudogenes in HF hearts.
  • A total of 105 differentially expressed lncRNAs, including pseudogenes and antisense RNAs, were identified in HF hearts.
  • HF hearts showed differential expression in 7.7% of protein-coding genes, 3.7% of lncRNAs, and 2.5% of pseudogenes compared to donor hearts.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides a comprehensive transcriptomic profile of the right ventricle in human HF.
  • Identified differentially expressed lncRNAs, antisense RNAs, and pseudogenes serve as a valuable inventory for future mechanistic investigations into HF.
  • In silico analyses suggest diverse regulatory functions for the identified lncRNAs in HF.