Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

9.2K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
9.2K
Signal Transduction: Overview01:26

Signal Transduction: Overview

12.9K
Cells respond to many types of information, often through receptor proteins positioned on the membrane. They respond to chemical signals, such as hormones, neurotransmitters, and other signaling molecules, initiating a series of molecular reactions to produce an appropriate response. This is called signal transduction. Cells also coordinate different responses elicited by the same signaling molecule via mediators, allowing molecular cross-talk.
Typically, signal transduction involves three...
12.9K
Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions

3.8K
Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
3.8K
Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

Biological Effects of Radiation

19.8K
All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
19.8K
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

8.0K
Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
8.0K
Diversity in Cell Signaling Responses01:22

Diversity in Cell Signaling Responses

8.8K
The physiological function of a cell and cellular communication are outcomes of a range of extrinsic signals, intracellular signaling pathways, and cellular responses. No two cell types express the same repertoire of signaling components. Receptors are highly selective for their cognate ligands, but once activated, they can alter multiple cellular processes such as DNA transcription, protein synthesis, and metabolic activity. 
Graded and Abrupt Responses
Some signaling systems generate...
8.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Co-clinical CT radiomics pipeline to establish candidate imaging biomarkers for colorectal cancer.

European journal of radiology·2026
Same author

Stereotactic radiotherapy for neovascular age related macular degeneration: year 3 and 4 extended follow up results of a randomised, double masked, sham controlled, device trial (STAR).

BMJ (Clinical research ed.)·2026
Same author

Impact of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) loss on radiobiological and immune response to radium-223 in prostate cancer <i>in vitro</i> models.

Clinical and translational radiation oncology·2026
Same author

A multicentre audit of the geometric accuracy and water equivalence of 3D printed thermoplastic objects for use in radiotherapy.

Physics and imaging in radiation oncology·2026
Same author

A multi-institutional EPID-based 3D dose reconstruction model in a virtual phantom for standardized patient QA, benchmarking and auditing for stereotactic radiosurgery.

Physics and imaging in radiation oncology·2026
Same author

PACE-NODES: A phase III randomised trial of 5 fraction prostate stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) versus 5 fraction prostate and pelvic nodal SBRT.

Clinical and translational radiation oncology·2026
Same journal

Effective contrast-enhanced preprocessing for intracranial artery segmentation in digital subtraction angiography.

Physics in medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

Improving Plan Quality in Adaptive Proton Therapy Using an Interactive Dose Modification Tool.

Physics in medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

Technical Note: Real-Time MLC Control and Latency Measurement Optimization with External Verification.

Physics in medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

Fetus-Specific Hematopoietic Stem Cell Dosimetry Framework for Leukemia-Relevant Target Cells During Prenatal Development.

Physics in medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

Deep learning-based dose prediction to enhance planning efficiency in cervical brachytherapy with hybrid applicators.

Physics in medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

Corrigendum: Referenceless MR thermometry-a comparison of five methods (2017<i>Phys. Med. Biol</i>.<b>62</b>1-16).

Physics in medicine and biology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 12, 2026

Genome-Wide CRISPR Screen for Unveiling Radiosensitive and Radioresistant Genes
08:32

Genome-Wide CRISPR Screen for Unveiling Radiosensitive and Radioresistant Genes

Published on: May 23, 2025

1.4K

Cellular signalling effects in high precision radiotherapy.

Stephen J McMahon1, Conor K McGarry, Karl T Butterworth

  • 1Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK.

Physics in Medicine and Biology
|May 21, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Intercellular signalling affects radiotherapy outcomes, potentially reducing tumor cell killing in conformal treatments. Higher doses per fraction minimize these effects, improving treatment precision.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Radiotherapy and Clonogenic Assays for Advancing Cancer Research and Personalized Medicine
05:39

Author Spotlight: Radiotherapy and Clonogenic Assays for Advancing Cancer Research and Personalized Medicine

Published on: April 5, 2024

1.4K
Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies
08:34

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

Published on: February 6, 2019

21.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 12, 2026

Genome-Wide CRISPR Screen for Unveiling Radiosensitive and Radioresistant Genes
08:32

Genome-Wide CRISPR Screen for Unveiling Radiosensitive and Radioresistant Genes

Published on: May 23, 2025

1.4K
Author Spotlight: Radiotherapy and Clonogenic Assays for Advancing Cancer Research and Personalized Medicine
05:39

Author Spotlight: Radiotherapy and Clonogenic Assays for Advancing Cancer Research and Personalized Medicine

Published on: April 5, 2024

1.4K
Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies
08:34

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

Published on: February 6, 2019

21.3K

Area of Science:

  • Radiation oncology
  • Radiobiology
  • Medical physics

Background:

  • Radiotherapy planning typically uses physical dose and margins, neglecting intercellular signalling.
  • Cell survival is influenced by doses received by neighbouring cells, impacting treatment efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model radiation-induced cell killing and intercellular signalling effects.
  • To analyse the impact of dose and margin choices on tumour control.
  • To calculate Effective Uniform Doses considering geometric uncertainties.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a model of radiation-induced cell killing and intercellular signalling.
  • Calculated Effective Uniform Doses for idealised and realistic scenarios.
  • Investigated the influence of dose per fraction and geometric uncertainty.

Main Results:

  • Conformal irradiation without intercellular signalling reduced target cell killing by up to 10%.
  • Higher doses per fraction increased cell killing and reduced sensitivity to margins.
  • Intercellular signalling effects were less significant with larger fraction sizes.

Conclusions:

  • Intercellular signalling can limit biological precision in radiotherapy, even without geometric uncertainties.
  • Hypo-fractionated radiotherapy may mitigate signalling-related under-dosing.
  • Findings may enhance understanding of stereotactic radiotherapy and hypo-fractionation efficacy.