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Updated: Apr 12, 2026

Separation of Uranium and Thorium for 230Th-U Dating of Submarine Hydrothermal Sulfides
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Sequential separation of ultra-trace U, Th, Pb, and lanthanides using a simple automatic system.

Yutaka Miyamoto1, Kenichiro Yasuda, Masaaki Magara

  • 1Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan. miyamoto.yutaka@jaea.go.jp.

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|May 22, 2015
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Summary

This study presents an automated anion-exchange system for rapid, sequential separation of uranium, thorium, lead, and lanthanides. The method achieves high purity and yield for ultra-trace elemental analysis in environmental samples.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Nuclear Chemistry
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Accurate elemental analysis of environmental samples requires efficient separation of target analytes from complex matrices.
  • Traditional separation methods can be time-consuming and labor-intensive, limiting throughput for ultra-trace analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a simple, automated, and sequential separation method for uranium, thorium, lead, and lanthanides.
  • To achieve high separation efficiency and yield for ultra-trace quantitative and isotopic analyses.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a single anion-exchange column with a specialized acid mixture (HCl, HNO3, acetic acid, HF) as eluent.
  • Employed a computer-controlled, nitrogen gas-driven system for automated operation.
  • Optimized separation parameters including column dimensions, resin particle size, and flow rate.

Main Results:

  • Successfully separated uranium, thorium, lead, and lanthanides from major matrix elements (alkaline metals, alkaline earth metals, iron).
  • Achieved >400 decontamination factors and >95% yield for 50 ng of elements in 5 hours.
  • Demonstrated accurate determination of ultra-trace elements, such as 0.23 ng of lutetium, in a powdered rock sample without yield correction.

Conclusions:

  • The developed automated anion-exchange system offers a time- and effort-saving solution for chemical processing.
  • This technique is highly effective for ultra-trace quantitative and isotopic analyses of elements in small environmental samples.
  • The system's efficiency and accuracy facilitate reliable elemental abundance determination.