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Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology

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Published on: August 22, 2022

An integrative method for testing form-function linkages and reconstructed evolutionary pathways of masticatory

Z Jack Tseng¹, John J Flynn²

¹Division of Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10024, USA tsengzhijie@gmail.com.

Journal of the Royal Society, Interface

|May 22, 2015

Summary

This study introduces a new method to analyze evolutionary changes in feeding mechanics across carnivorous mammals. It reveals that similar mechanical properties can evolve independently, decoupling form and function in macroevolution.

Keywords:

Carnivora ancestral state reconstruction finite-element analysis geometric morphometrics analysis response surface methodology theoretical morphology

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Area of Science:

Evolutionary biology
Paleontology
Biomechanics

Background:

Morphology is often used to infer adaptive evolution, but functional significance is rarely tested in a deep-time phylogenetic context.
Current methods lack explicit integration of form and function analyses, weakening inferences about adaptive morphological evolution.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and apply a novel approach for testing mechanical properties of reconstructed ancestral taxa.
To investigate the strength and direction of evolutionary pathways in feeding biomechanics within carnivorous mammals.
To evaluate the decoupling of convergence in mechanical properties and evolutionary optimization.

Main Methods:

Utilized biomechanical profile comparisons to assess functional signals in feeding morphologies.
Applied experimental optimization criteria to estimate the strength and direction of functional changes on a phylogeny.
Integrated quantitative data and model-based tests within a phylogenetic framework.

Main Results:

Demonstrated that convergence in mechanical properties and the degree of evolutionary optimization can be decoupled.
Provided functional insights into feeding morphology evolution in carnivorous mammals.
Showcased a method to test form-function linkages in a deep-time context.

Conclusions:

The developed integrative approach allows for quantitative evaluation of functional interpretations of morphology.
This methodology is broadly applicable to other clades for understanding macroevolutionary pathways.
Highlights the complexity of form-function relationships in evolutionary studies.