Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 12, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Published on: December 6, 2016
Sleep apnea and venous thromboembolism. A systematic review
Giuseppe Lippi1, Camilla Mattiuzzi, Massimo Franchini
1Prof. Giuseppe Lippi, U. O. Diagnostica Ematochimica, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126 Parma, Italy, Tel.: +39 0521 703050 or +39 0521 703791, E-mail: glippi@ao.pr.it, ulippi@tin.it.
None:
Recent evidence suggests that obstructive sleep apnea is a significant and independent risk factor for a number of cardiovascular disorders. Since the association between obstructive sleep apnea and cardiovascular disease is mediated by endothelial dysfunction, hypercoagulability and platelet abnormalities, we sought to investigate whether sleep apnea may also be considered a risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE). We carried out an electronic search in Medline and Scopus using the keywords "apnea" OR "apnoea" AND "venous thromboembolism" OR "deep vein thrombosis" OR "pulmonary embolism" in "Title/Abstract/Keywords", with no language or date restriction. Fifteen studies (8 case-control, 4 retrospective observational, 2 prospective case-control and 1 prospective observational) were finally selected for this systematic review. In all studies except one (14/15; 93 %), obstructive sleep apnea was found to be an independent risk factor for VTE, either deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE). In the two prospective case-control studies the risk of DVT or PE was found to be two- to three-fold higher in patients with obstructive sleep apnea than in those without. In conclusion, the current epidemiological evidence supports the hypothesis that obstructive sleep apnea may be an independent risk factor for VTE.
Related Concept Videos
Sleep Apnea
The condition is more prevalent among...
Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care
Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction
Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

