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Updated: Apr 12, 2026
A Murine Orthotopic Bladder Tumor Model and Tumor Detection System
Published on: January 12, 2017
Expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 and -7 in urinary bladder cancer predicts time to tumor recurrence
Bolesław Kuzaka1, Marek Janiak2, Krzysztof H Włodarski2
1Department of General, Oncologic and Functional Urology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Introduction:
Urinary bladder cancer patients who have undergone transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) are at risk of recurrence. This study aims to correlate the level of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) expression with urothelial carcinoma invasiveness, TNM stage and time to recurrence after TURBT.
Material And Methods:
In 33 specimens of healthy transitional epithelium and 42 of urothelial carcinoma, BMP2, BMP4 and BMP7 expression was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Patients who underwent TURBT were followed up for 1 year.
Results:
BMP2 and BMP7 were downregulated in infiltrating urothelial carcinoma, the relative expression being 0.76 (p = 0.04) and 0.28 (p = 0.025) respectively, while BMP4 was downregulated in non-invasive tumors. High expression of BMP2 and BMP7 correlated with prolonged time to recurrence (log-rank: p = 0.01 and p = 0.03 respectively).
Conclusions:
Low expression of BMP2 and BMP7 is associated with shorter time to recurrence. The BMP expression levels are not indicative of tumor stage.
