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Prevention and reversal of type 1 diabetes--past challenges and future opportunities

Jay S Skyler1

  • 1Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL jskyler@miami.edu.

Diabetes Care
|May 23, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Clinical trials for type 1 diabetes (T1D) prevention and treatment have not yet succeeded. Future research must address challenges to improve outcomes for those at risk or newly diagnosed with T1D.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease with no cure.
  • Numerous clinical trials have aimed to prevent or reverse T1D over the last 30 years.
  • Current prevention strategies have not delayed or prevented T1D onset.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the history of T1D prevention and treatment trials.
  • To identify challenges encountered in T1D interdiction efforts.
  • To propose future research directions for T1D intervention.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical trial data and outcomes.
  • Analysis of challenges in T1D pathogenesis and intervention.
  • Synthesis of findings to outline future opportunities.

Main Results:

  • No T1D prevention trials have successfully delayed or prevented the disease.
  • Intervention trials in recent-onset T1D have yielded mixed results.
  • Some trials showed transient improvements in beta-cell function, while others failed to slow disease progression.

Conclusions:

  • Significant challenges persist in preventing and treating type 1 diabetes.
  • Past trial outcomes highlight the need for novel strategies.
  • Future research should focus on overcoming existing hurdles to improve T1D management and outcomes.

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