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Updated: Apr 12, 2026
Amplifying and Quantifying HIV-1 RNA in HIV Infected Individuals with Viral Loads Below the Limit of Detection by Standard Clinical Assays
Published on: September 26, 2011
[Identification and characterization of HIV-1 transmitted /founder viruses]
Jian-yuan Zhao1, Ji-wei Ding2, Ze-yun Mi2
11. Department of Food Science, College of Arts & Science of Beijing Union University, Beijing 100192, China 2. Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical School, Beijing 100050, China;
Abstract:
During the spread of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in the mucosa, the entire genetic diversity of the viruses is significantly reduced. The vast majority of HIV-1 mucosal infections are established by one or a few viruses and ultimately develop into systemic infections, thus the initial virus is called transmitted/founder virus (T/F virus). The study of T/F virus will benefit understanding its key characteristics resulting in successful viral replication in the new host body, which may provide novel strategies for the development of AIDS vaccines, pre-exposure prophylaxis and other therapeutic interventions. In this review, we summarize the discovery and evolutionary characteristics of T/F virus as well as early immune response after HIV-1 infection, which will establish the basis to explore the features of T/F viruses.
