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Related Concept Videos

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted01:24

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Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.
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Cellular Membranes and Drug Transport01:24

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Drugs must traverse multiple biological barriers, such as multi-layered skin, single-layered intestinal epithelium, and the plasma membrane, to reach their target sites within the body. The plasma membrane, a highly structured composite of phospholipids, carbohydrates, and proteins, is the cell's protective boundary, facilitating selective substance exchange.
Phospholipids arrange themselves into a bilayer, with hydrophilic heads oriented outward and hydrophobic tails facing inward.
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Drugs need to permeate cell membranes to reach their target sites after administration. Orally administered drugs must transcend intestinal epithelial membrane barriers to infiltrate the systemic circulation. Drugs with a molecular weight of less than 500 Daltons diffuse through gaps between neighboring cells, called paracellular pathways.
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Modified-release drug delivery systems improve drug efficacy and minimize side effects by controlling the rate and location of drug release. These systems fall into three categories: rate-programmed, stimuli-activated, and site-targeted.Rate-programmed systems release drugs at a predetermined rate, maintaining consistent therapeutic levels and reducing fluctuations that could lead to toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. These systems use polymeric matrices, reservoir-based designs, or osmotic...
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Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers01:24

Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers

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Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
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Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems01:18

Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems

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Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) enable the controlled release of drugs across the skin into systemic circulation. They are particularly advantageous for drugs with short half-lives or narrow therapeutic indices, as they maintain consistent plasma concentrations and reduce the risk of subtherapeutic or toxic levels.TDDS are categorized into monolithic, reservoir, and mixed systems. Monolithic systems embed the drug in a polymer matrix, where diffusion governs release. Reservoir systems...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 12, 2026

Cell Squeezing as a Robust, Microfluidic Intracellular Delivery Platform
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Cell Squeezing as a Robust, Microfluidic Intracellular Delivery Platform

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Cell or cell membrane-based drug delivery systems.

Songwei Tan1, Tingting Wu2, Dan Zhang2

  • 11. Tongji School of Pharmacy; ; 2. National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine; ; 3. Hubei Engineering Research Center for Novel DDS, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P R China.

Theranostics
|May 23, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Natural cells and their components are emerging as safer alternatives to synthetic drug delivery systems (DDS). This review highlights cell-based DDS, including whole cells and extracellular vesicles (EVs), for improved therapeutic applications.

Keywords:
cell membranedrug delivery systemextracellular vesiclenanoparticletumor

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Models and Methods to Evaluate Transport of Drug Delivery Systems Across Cellular Barriers
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Models and Methods to Evaluate Transport of Drug Delivery Systems Across Cellular Barriers

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

  • Synthetic drug carriers often exhibit immunogenicity and toxicity.
  • Natural cells and extracellular vesicles (EVs) offer a safer, endogenous alternative.
  • Advancements in biology and medical science fuel interest in cell-based drug delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent progress in cell or cell membrane-based drug delivery systems (DDS).
  • To discuss fabrication processes, unique properties, and applications of these DDS.
  • To highlight the potential of cell-based DDS for personalized medicine.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature on cell and cell membrane-based DDS.
  • Analysis of fabrication techniques for whole cells, EVs, and cell membrane-coated nanoparticles.
  • Evaluation of the properties and applications of these endogenous DDS.

Main Results:

  • Cell-based DDS, including whole cells and EVs, show promise as safer alternatives.
  • Cell membrane-coated nanoparticles leverage host attributes for targeted delivery.
  • These systems offer potential for personalized medicine due to unique biological effects and specificity.

Conclusions:

  • Cell or cell membrane-based DDS represent a promising next generation of drug delivery.
  • Continued development is expected to advance their clinical applications.
  • These endogenous systems offer improved safety and potential for tailored therapeutic outcomes.