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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 12, 2026

Trans-vivo Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Assay for Antigen Specific Regulation

Trans-vivo Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Assay for Antigen Specific Regulation

Published on: May 2, 2013

Blocking type TSH receptor antibodies.

Jadwiga Furmaniak¹, Jane Sanders¹, Bernard Rees Smith¹

¹FIRS Laboratories, RSR Ltd, Parc Ty Glas, Llanishen Cardiff, CF14 5DU UK.

Auto- Immunity Highlights

|May 23, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Human monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) targeting the TSH receptor (TSHR) offer new therapeutic avenues. Blocking MAbs, like K1-70, show potential in treating Graves

Keywords:

Autoimmunity Graves’ disease TSH receptor Thyroid blocking autoantibody Thyroid stimulating autoantibody

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Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Immunology
Structural Biology

Background:

Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) autoantibodies (TRAbs) are central to Graves' disease pathogenesis.
TRAbs can either stimulate (agonists) or block (antagonists) TSHR activity, influencing thyroid hormone synthesis.
Human monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against TSHR, including stimulating (M22, K1-18) and blocking (5C9, K1-70) types, represent significant research advancements.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the binding characteristics and TSHR interactions of blocking MAbs.
To compare crystal structures of TSHR complexed with blocking (K1-70) and stimulating (M22) MAbs.
To discuss the therapeutic potential of TSHR antagonist MAbs.

Main Methods:

Analysis of binding characteristics of blocking MAbs.
Determination of crystal structures of TSHR-MAb complexes.
In vivo studies assessing the effects of M22 and K1-70 on thyroid hormone secretion and M22's activity.

Main Results:

Blocking MAbs (5C9, K1-70) bind to TSHR without causing activation.
Crystal structures reveal distinct binding arrangements for stimulating (M22) and blocking (K1-70) MAbs.
K1-70 inhibits M22-induced thyroid stimulation in vivo and shows potential for treating hyperthyroidism and thyroid eye disease.

Conclusions:

Human TSHR antagonist MAbs are promising therapeutic agents for Graves' disease and other hyperthyroid conditions.
K1-70 demonstrates potential for controlling hyperthyroidism, thyroid eye signs, and may be useful in thyroid imaging and drug delivery.
MAbs like 5C9 could target hyperthyroidism linked to TSHR activating mutations.