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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 9, 2026

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A CRISPR View of Cleavage.

Ariel D Weinberger1, Michael S Gilmore2

  • 1Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Cell
|May 23, 2015
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals that a single type III CRISPR-Cas system can target both DNA and RNA independently. This finding unifies research on CRISPR-Cas systems, highlighting their dual-targeting capabilities in prokaryotic adaptive immunity and gene editing.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • CRISPR-Cas systems confer adaptive immunity in prokaryotes.
  • These systems are widely used as gene-editing tools.
  • Previous research showed conflicting results on whether CRISPR systems target DNA or RNA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To resolve discrepancies regarding the targeting capabilities of CRISPR-Cas systems.
  • To investigate the substrate specificity of type III CRISPR-Cas systems.
  • To determine if a single system can target both DNA and RNA.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized biochemical assays to analyze the activity of a specific type III CRISPR-Cas system.
  • Investigated the cleavage of both DNA and RNA substrates by the system.
  • Assessed the independence of DNA and RNA targeting mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that a single type III CRISPR-Cas system cleaves both DNA and RNA.
  • Showed that DNA and RNA cleavage occur independently of each other.
  • Provided unified evidence for the dual-targeting nature of this CRISPR-Cas system.

Conclusions:

  • Type III CRISPR-Cas systems possess the inherent ability to target both DNA and RNA.
  • This dual-targeting mechanism expands the known functions of CRISPR-Cas systems.
  • The findings have implications for understanding prokaryotic immunity and advancing gene-editing technologies.