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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 12, 2026

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Polyurethane foam-covered breast implants: a justified choice?

C Scarpa1, G F Borso, V Vindigni

  • 1Plastic Surgery Unit, School of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. carlotsc@tin.it.

European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
|May 26, 2015
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Polyurethane foam-covered breast implants are effective for treating capsular contracture, showing a low incidence of complications and no evidence of cancer risk in long-term studies. Further research on removal ease and biodegradation is recommended.

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Area of Science:

  • Plastic Surgery
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Medical Device Research

Background:

  • Polyurethane prosthesis safety has been debated, yet polyurethane-covered implants are widely used in plastic surgery.
  • These implants are particularly popular for managing capsular contracture, a common complication of breast augmentation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the existing literature on polyurethane-covered breast implants.
  • To evaluate their safety, efficacy in treating capsular contracture, and potential risks such as complications, biodegradation, and cancer.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Medline, and eMedicine databases.
  • 41 relevant papers were identified and analyzed, with findings categorized into capsular formation, complications, and biodegradation/cancer risk.

Main Results:

  • The polyurethanic capsule exhibits features promoting a "young" capsule and low contracture rates over 10 years.
  • While removal can be challenging, polyurethane implants do not increase other complications.
  • Long-term studies (over 5 years) show no evidence of polyurethane-related cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Polyurethane foam-covered breast implants are a viable option for treating capsular contracture.
  • Further investigation into the ease of prosthesis removal and biodegradation products is warranted.