Change in Trauma Narratives and Perceived Recall Ability over a Course of Cognitive Processing Therapy for PTSD

This study sought to evaluate changes in written trauma narratives completed during a course of Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT). Participants were 22 female survivors of interpersonal assault who represented a subset of participants from two larger CPT treatment trials. Participants completed two written trauma narratives over the course of treatment. We predicted that narratives would increase in length and peritraumatic detail, and that participants would perceive an increase in their recall ability for important aspects of the trauma. Although narrative length and amount of peritraumatic detail did not change significantly from first to final narrative, participants evidenced changes in the content of the peritraumatic details. Patients commonly omitted assaultive acts from one of their narratives. There was a greater degree of fluctuation within the reporting of sexual assaults, as compared to physical assaults, with 55% of participants reporting a forced sexual act in one narrative, but not the other. Participants did not report significant changes in perceived recall ability for the traumatic event after completing the narratives, but did report improvements in perceived recall from pre to posttreatment. Overall, findings indicate that clients included different details (but not more details) in their final narrative, and that perceived increases in recall ability may not be a typical experience for clients as they complete written narratives in the context of trauma treatment.