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Continuous Microfluidic Particle Separation via Elasto-Inertial Pinched Flow Fractionation.

Xinyu Lu1, Xiangchun Xuan1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0921, United States.

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This study introduces elasto-inertial pinched flow fractionation (eiPFF) for continuous particle separation in non-Newtonian fluids. EiPFF achieves higher throughput and resolution than traditional methods by combining elastic and inertial forces.

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid Mechanics
  • Microfluidics
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Non-Newtonian fluids are common in chemical and biomedical applications.
  • Existing particle separation techniques are often limited to Newtonian fluids.
  • There is a need for effective particle separation methods in viscoelastic solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate continuous particle separation in viscoelastic solutions.
  • To introduce and characterize elasto-inertial pinched flow fractionation (eiPFF).
  • To explore the parametric effects on eiPFF performance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a combined action of elastic and inertial lift forces.
  • Systematic investigation of parametric effects using dimensionless numbers.
  • Experimental study of continuous particle separation in viscoelastic media.

Main Results:

  • EiPFF demonstrates significantly higher particle throughput and separation resolution compared to steric effects-based PFF.
  • Optimal eiPFF performance is observed at a Reynolds number (Re) of order 1.
  • Particle separation efficiency is not monotonically dependent on elasticity number and is influenced by channel aspect ratio.

Conclusions:

  • EiPFF is a promising technique for particle separation in viscoelastic fluids.
  • EiPFF complements inertia-enhanced PFF (iPFF) by operating at lower Reynolds numbers.
  • Unexpected elasto-inertial effects, including inverse particle migration, were observed in high-aspect-ratio channels.