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Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report
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Obesity: single house for many evils.

A Kumar1, B P Nayak, A Kumar

  • 1Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology (NIT), Raipur, India - drawanishkr@gmail.com.

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Obesity is a rapidly growing metabolic disorder, impacting multiple organs and leading to serious health issues like cardiovascular disease and diabetes. This review details the various complications associated with obesity.

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Area of Science:

  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Genetics and Lifestyle Interactions

Background:

  • Obesity is recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a major global health concern, escalating alongside diabetes.
  • It stems from a complex interaction between genetic factors and lifestyle choices.
  • Obesity is characterized by adipocyte pathology, involving hypertrophy and hyperplasia, leading to widespread systemic effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of the multifaceted complications arising from obesity.
  • To elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying obesity-related pathologies.
  • To highlight the comparison between obesity and type 2 diabetes as complex metabolic diseases.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article, synthesizing existing research on obesity and its complications.
  • Information was gathered from various scientific literature sources.
  • The review focuses on the pathological changes in adipocytes and their systemic consequences.

Main Results:

  • Obesity leads to significant alterations in adipocyte physiology, promoting an inflammatory phenotype.
  • Adipokine profiles change, with decreased adiponectin and increased resistin, contributing to insulin resistance.
  • Obesity is linked to numerous health problems including cardiovascular disease, stroke, cancer, type 2 diabetes, sexual dysfunction, and respiratory issues.

Conclusions:

  • Obesity is a complex metabolic disorder with far-reaching consequences for multiple organ systems.
  • Understanding adipocyte dysfunction and altered adipokine signaling is crucial for managing obesity-related complications.
  • Effective management strategies are needed to address the growing burden of obesity and its associated diseases.