Primary extramedullary esophageal plasmacytoma - a case report

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Oncology
• Pathology

Background:

• Extramedullary plasmacytomas are rare neoplasms, typically affecting the upper respiratory tract.
• Esophageal origin is exceptionally uncommon, making such cases noteworthy in clinical practice.

Observation:

• A 65-year-old male presented with significant dysphagia and unintentional weight loss.
• Endoscopic examination revealed an ulcero-proliferative lesion in the lower esophagus.
• Histopathology confirmed sheets of malignant plasma cells, indicative of plasmacytoma.

Findings:

• The esophageal lesion was diagnosed as an extramedullary plasmacytoma.
• Bone marrow biopsy excluded systemic myeloma involvement.
• Immunohistochemistry was unavailable for further characterization.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of considering rare diagnoses like esophageal plasmacytoma in patients with suggestive symptoms.
• Endoscopic diagnosis is feasible for esophageal plasmacytomas.
• Further research into the pathogenesis and optimal management of esophageal plasmacytomas is warranted.