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Hepatitis

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver.

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

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In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...

Cytomegalovirus Disease

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Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow

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Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug...

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Updated: Apr 12, 2026

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks

Published on: June 26, 2020

Hepatitis C Infection in the Elderly.

Sammy Saab^1,2, Justin Rheem³, Vinay Sundaram⁴

¹Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. SSaab@mednet.ucla.edu.

Digestive Diseases and Sciences

|May 27, 2015

Summary

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection disproportionately affects the elderly, often presenting with advanced liver disease. New direct-acting antiviral therapies offer a safe and effective treatment option for this population.

Keywords:

Antiviral therapy Elderly Hepatitis C Systematic review

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Area of Science:

Hepatology
Virology
Geriatric Medicine

Background:

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a significant global health issue, particularly impacting the elderly.
The "baby boomer" generation (born 1945-1965) represents the majority of HCV cases in the USA.
Elderly individuals with HCV often have long-standing infections and advanced liver disease.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the challenges and advancements in treating HCV in the elderly population.
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of newer direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapies for older adults.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature on HCV epidemiology in the elderly.
Analysis of treatment outcomes for interferon-based and direct-acting antiviral therapies in older patients.

Main Results:

Traditional interferon-based therapies had limited efficacy and significant adverse effects in the elderly.
Direct-acting antiviral agents demonstrate high effectiveness, tolerability, and safety in elderly HCV patients.
DAAs have expanded treatment eligibility for older individuals with HCV.

Conclusions:

Direct-acting antiviral therapy represents a major advancement in managing Hepatitis C virus in the elderly.
These newer treatments overcome the limitations of older therapies, offering improved outcomes for this demographic.
Effective HCV treatment in the elderly is crucial for reducing liver disease burden and improving public health.