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Early peri-implant bone loss: a prospective cohort study
M Cassetta1, N Pranno1, S Calasso1
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Summary
Early dental implant bone loss averaged -0.86 mm. Timing and depth of implant placement significantly impacted bone remodeling, with deeper placements and longer waits post-extraction showing more bone loss.
Area of Science:
- Dental Implantology
- Periodontology
- Oral Surgery
Background:
- Peri-implant bone level is a critical indicator of implant success.
- Understanding early bone changes is crucial for long-term prognosis.
- Factors influencing early bone remodeling require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify early peri-implant bone level changes before implant-abutment connection.
- To assess the impact of demographic, biological, anatomical, and implant-specific factors on these changes.
Main Methods:
- Prospective cohort study adhering to STROBE guidelines.
- Analysis of 493 implants using a two-stage surgical procedure.
- Radiographic assessment of bone levels at implant insertion and 2-month follow-up, with statistical analysis using ANOVA and t-tests.
Main Results:
- Average early marginal bone remodeling was -0.86 mm.
- Implant placement timing and depth significantly influenced bone remodeling (P=0.00 and P≤0.05, respectively).
- Implants placed below the alveolar crest and those inserted ≥3 months post-extraction exhibited significantly greater marginal bone loss.
Conclusions:
- Significant early marginal bone loss occurs during the healing phase.
- Implant placement timing and depth are key determinants of early bone remodeling.
- Specific placement strategies, such as avoiding sub-crestal placement and considering extraction-to-implant intervals, may mitigate early bone loss.
