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Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions

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Parathyroid hormone, cognitive function and dementia: a systematic review.

Ilianna Lourida¹, Jo Thompson-Coon¹, Chris M Dickens²

¹The National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care South West Peninsula (PenCLAHRC), University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom; University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom.

|May 27, 2015

Summary

This review suggests a weak link between parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels and cognitive decline or dementia. More high-quality research is needed to confirm the association between PTH and brain health.

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Endocrinology
Metabolic Research

Background:

Metabolic factors are increasingly implicated in Alzheimer's disease and dementia.
Abnormal parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels may affect neuronal signaling and calcium regulation.
Existing research on the PTH-dementia link is conflicting.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review the association between parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels and cognitive function/dementia.
To evaluate evidence from studies on parathyroid conditions and their impact on cognition.

Main Methods:

A systematic review of eleven electronic databases and citation indexes was conducted up to January 2014.
Studies were screened, and data extracted by two independent reviewers.
A narrative synthesis was employed due to study heterogeneity.

Main Results:

Twenty-seven low-to-moderate quality studies were identified, with challenging synthesis due to reporting issues.
Observational studies showed mixed results, with some suggesting higher PTH levels correlate with poorer cognition or dementia.
Studies on hypoparathyroidism and hyperparathyroidism provided limited or mixed evidence regarding cognitive function and memory improvements.

Conclusions:

Current evidence weakly supports a link between parathyroid hormone (PTH), cognition, and dementia.
The paucity of high-quality research hinders definitive conclusions.
Further rigorous investigation is required to clarify the relationship.