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MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 11, 2026

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

Published on: October 7, 2025

MicroRNAs in liver malignancies. Basic science applied in surgery.

Mihai Muresan¹, Florin Zaharie, Anca Bojan

¹Department of Surgery, Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, Cluj Napoca, Romania.

Journal of B.U.ON. : Official Journal of the Balkan Union of Oncology

|May 27, 2015

Summary

MicroRNAs (miRs) are key regulators in liver cancer development and progression. These small molecules show promise as circulating biomarkers for diagnosing and predicting liver malignancies.

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Last Updated: Apr 11, 2026

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MicroRNA Based Liquid Biopsy: The Experience of the Plasma miRNA Signature Classifier MSC for Lung Cancer Screening

MicroRNA Based Liquid Biopsy: The Experience of the Plasma miRNA Signature Classifier MSC for Lung Cancer Screening

Published on: October 26, 2017

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Oncology
Genetics

Background:

Liver malignancies pose a significant global health challenge due to late detection and treatment limitations.
MicroRNAs (miRs) are small non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally.
Emerging evidence implicates miRs in the pathogenesis of various human cancers, including liver cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the critical role of miRs in the pathobiology of liver cancers.
To highlight the potential of miRs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for liver malignancies.

Main Methods:

Literature review of current research on microRNAs in liver cancer.
Analysis of studies investigating miR involvement in liver cancer development and progression.
Examination of data on miRs as potential biomarkers in systemic circulation.

Main Results:

MicroRNAs play a significant role in the molecular mechanisms underlying liver cancer.
Specific miRs are dysregulated in liver malignancies, affecting gene expression.
Circulating miRs offer potential for non-invasive detection and prognosis of liver cancer.

Conclusions:

MicroRNAs are integral to liver cancer pathobiology.
miRs represent promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for liver malignancies.
Further research into miRs could lead to improved clinical strategies for liver cancer management.