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Related Experiment Video

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Studying Food Reward and Motivation in Humans
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Food reward system: current perspectives and future research needs.

Miguel Alonso-Alonso1, Stephen C Woods2, Marcia Pelchat2

  • 1M. Alonso-Alonso is with the Center for the Study of Nutrition Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. S.C. Woods is with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. M. Pelchat and G.K. Beauchamp are with the Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. P.S. Grigson is with the Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA. E. Stice is with the Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA. S. Farooqi is with the Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. C.S. Khoo is with the North American Branch of the International Life Sciences Institute, Washington, DC, USA. R.D. Mattes is with the Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA. ckhoo@ilsi.org.

Nutrition Reviews
|May 27, 2015
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Summary

This review explores the neuroscience of food reward, examining the food addiction hypothesis and its challenges. It highlights the brain

Keywords:
addictioncravingdefinitionsfood reward systempalatable foodtranslational science

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Science
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • The regulation of food intake involves complex reward and hedonic pathways.
  • Understanding the neurobiology of food reward is crucial for addressing eating behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current research on the neuroscience of food reward.
  • To examine the food addiction hypothesis and associated challenges.
  • To identify knowledge gaps and future research directions.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-disciplinary review of existing scientific literature.
  • Synthesis of perspectives from a 2013 workshop.

Main Results:

  • The reward system's neuroanatomy and neurobiology in animals and humans are discussed.
  • The brain reward system's responsivity to palatable foods and drugs is compared.
  • Challenges in terminology and methodology related to food reward and addiction are identified.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is needed to clarify the role of reward in food intake regulation.
  • Distinguishing between craving and addiction requires further investigation.
  • Cognitive control mechanisms over food reward warrant deeper exploration.