[Primary CNS lymphoma. Progress in the diagnostics and therapy]

Area of Science:

• Neuro-oncology
• Hematology
• Lymphoma research

Context:

• Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare malignancy.
• Recent knowledge has expanded regarding PCNSL.
• Despite advances, PCNSL remains prognostically challenging.

Purpose:

• To summarize recent progress in PCNSL diagnostics and therapy.
• To discuss future directions in PCNSL management.
• To highlight the need for improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Summary:

• New cerebrospinal fluid diagnostic methods require validation.
• Enhanced immunohistological and molecular characterization may reveal new therapeutic targets.
• The role of whole-brain irradiation post-chemotherapy is uncertain; optimal primary chemotherapy is not established.
• Future therapies may involve consolidating high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) with other chemotherapy or stem cell transplantation.
• Avoiding treatment-related neurotoxicity is a key therapeutic goal.

Impact:

• Improved diagnostic accuracy for PCNSL.
• Identification of novel therapeutic targets for PCNSL.
• Establishment of evidence-based treatment guidelines through comparative trials.
• Reduced long-term neurotoxicity in PCNSL survivors.