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Biochemical Measurement of Neonatal Hypoxia
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Biochemical Measurement of Neonatal Hypoxia

Published on: August 24, 2011

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Antioxidant status in neonatal jaundice before and after phototherapy

S Ayyappan1, Sachu Philip1, N Bharathy2

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Vivekananda Dental College for Women, Trichengodu, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India.

Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences
|May 28, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Neonatal jaundice increases oxidative stress, decreasing essential antioxidants like glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid. Phototherapy may help restore antioxidant balance in jaundiced newborns.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Neonatal jaundice, characterized by elevated bilirubin, poses a risk to the central nervous system.
  • Genetic factors like Gilbert's syndrome can contribute to hyperbilirubinemia in newborns.
  • Bilirubin accumulation can lead to potentially toxic effects in neonates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activity in neonatal jaundice patients.
  • To compare these markers before and after phototherapy treatment.
  • To understand the impact of phototherapy on oxidative stress in neonatal jaundice.

Main Methods:

  • The study involved 50 neonatal jaundice patients aged 2-15 days undergoing phototherapy.
  • Measurements included plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase, and catalase (CAT).
  • Bilirubin levels were monitored alongside oxidative stress markers.

Main Results:

  • Patients with neonatal jaundice exhibited significantly higher bilirubin levels than controls.
  • Plasma MDA levels were elevated in jaundiced infants.
  • Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity increased post-phototherapy, while reduced glutathione (GSH) levels decreased.

Conclusions:

  • Neonatal jaundice is associated with increased oxidative stress and reduced antioxidant levels (GSH, ascorbic acid).
  • This imbalance may impair the neonate's ability to combat stress and potentially lead to neural cell damage.
  • Phototherapy's effect on antioxidant status warrants further investigation.
Abstract

Keywords:
AntioxidantsGilbert's syndromebilirubinneonatal jaundice

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