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Related Concept Videos

Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Simple Epithelium01:30

Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Simple Epithelium

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Simple epithelium consists of a single layer of cells that lines body cavities and blood vessels. The shape of the cells in the epithelium reflects the function of the tissue. Cells in simple squamous epithelium appear as thin scales with flat, elliptical nuclei that mirror the form of the cell.
Because of the thinness of the cells, simple squamous epithelium is present where the rapid passage of chemical compounds is observed. For example, the endothelium that lines the capillaries and vessels...
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Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Overview01:22

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Epithelial tissues are classified according to the shape of the cells and the number of cell layers formed. Cell shapes can be squamous (flattened and thin), cuboidal (square-like, as wide as it is tall), or columnar (rectangular, taller than it is wide). Additionally, the nucleus shape helps identify the type of epithelial cells. Squamous cells have flattened disc-shaped nuclei, cuboidal cells have spherical nuclei, and columnar cells have elongated nuclei.
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Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Glandular Epithelium01:20

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The glandular epithelium is made of one or more epithelial cells modified to synthesize and secrete chemical substances. Glandular epithelia can be classified based on cell number. Unicellular glands have individual secretory cells scattered across the epithelial monolayer. In contrast, multicellular glands consist of a hollow tubular duct attached to the cluster of secretory cells located in the deep pockets.
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Epithelial tissues are large sheets of cells covering all of the surfaces of the body. These surfaces can be internal or external, for example, skin, airways, the digestive tract, the urinary system, and the reproductive system. Hollow organs and body cavities that do not connect to the body's exterior, including blood vessels and serous membranes, are lined by epithelial tissue known as the endothelium.
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Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Stratified Epithelium01:29

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Stratified epithelium consists of several stacked layers of cells. They provide the durability to withstand constant physical and chemical attacks. Stratified epithelium is named after the shape of the most apical layer of cells. Stratified squamous epithelium is the most common type found in the human body. In this tissue, the apical cells are squamous, whereas the basal layer contains either columnar or cuboidal cells. The basal cells divide to form new daughter cells, which gradually become...
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Tissues01:18

Tissues

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Cells with similar structure and function are grouped into tissues. A group of tissues with a specialized function is called an organ. There are four main types of tissue in vertebrates: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous.
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Isolation of Myoepithelial Cells from Adult Murine Lacrimal and Submandibular Glands
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Myoepithelial cells in pathology.

N Balachander1, K M K Masthan1, N Aravindha Babu1

  • 1Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences
|May 28, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Myoepithelial cells in salivary glands are crucial for saliva expulsion and electrolyte balance. Their diverse forms in tumors, including benign and malignant types, present diagnostic challenges in histopathology.

Keywords:
Myoepithelial cellsepithelioid cells and basket cellssalivary glands

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Area of Science:

  • Histopathology
  • Cell Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Myoepithelial cells are integral components of salivary glands, situated between epithelial cells and the basement membrane.
  • These cells exhibit a spindle shape and possess cytoplasmic processes, displaying characteristics of both smooth muscle and epithelial cells.
  • They are vital for salivary gland function, including saliva expulsion and electrolyte regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of myoepithelial cells in salivary gland physiology and pathology.
  • To highlight their function as tumor suppressors and their importance in salivary gland tumor differentiation.
  • To address the diagnostic challenges posed by the varied morphology of neoplastic myoepithelial cells.

Main Methods:

  • Microscopic examination of salivary gland tissue.
  • Ultrastructural analysis of myoepithelial cell morphology.
  • Review of histopathological features in benign and malignant salivary gland tumors.

Main Results:

  • Myoepithelial cells are essential for saliva secretion and electrolyte balance.
  • These cells act as tumor suppressors and aid in differentiating salivary gland tumors.
  • Neoplastic myoepithelial cells manifest in diverse forms (epithelioid, plasmacytoid, spindle, clear cell), complicating histopathological diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Myoepithelial cells play a dual role in salivary gland function and tumor suppression.
  • Understanding the morphological variability of neoplastic myoepithelial cells is critical for accurate diagnosis.
  • Further research into myoepithelial cell biology can improve the management of salivary gland tumors.