Ulcerated cutaneous myeloid sarcoma associated with myelodysplastic syndrome

Cutaneous myeloid sarcoma is a rare extramedullary neoplasia of myeloid differentiation. It can be a herald of myelodysplastic syndrome, myeloproliferative disorder and leukemia. We present two cases of ulcerated cutaneous myeloid sarcoma of the aleukemic type, both associated with myelodysplastic syndrome: a male patient of 67 years with multifocal lesions and an 83-year old woman with a chronic foot ulcer. Differential diagnoses and treatment are discussed. Survival rates are lower in cutaneous myeloid sarcoma associated with acute myeloid leukemia than in aleukemic patients. Early recognition of the disease helps to improve the prognosis.