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Two new cases of chronic tuberculous otomastoiditis in children

A Scorpecci1, E Bozzola2, A Villani2

  • 1ENT Department, Audiology-Otolgy Unit and Cochlear Implant Center, "Bambino Gesù" Pediatric Hospital and Research Institute, Roma, Italy;

Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica : Organo Ufficiale Della Societa Italiana Di Otorinolaringologia E Chirurgia Cervico-Facciale
|May 29, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Tuberculous otomastoiditis is rare in children. This study identified two pediatric cases, one with primary ear involvement and another with secondary spread from pulmonary tuberculosis.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Tuberculous otomastoiditis is a rare middle ear infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
  • Diagnosis can be challenging, especially in immunocompetent children without signs of systemic disease.

Observation:

  • A retrospective review of 4077 pediatric middle ear surgeries identified two cases of tuberculous otomastoiditis.
  • Case 1: A 4-year-old boy with primary otomastoiditis, no other infected sites.
  • Case 2: A 5-year-old girl with secondary otomastoiditis, history of treated pulmonary and mediastinal tuberculosis.

Findings:

  • Tuberculous otomastoiditis can present as primary otologic disease or secondary to systemic tuberculosis.
  • Early diagnosis and appropriate anti-tuberculosis treatment are crucial for favorable outcomes.

Implications:

  • Highlights the importance of considering tuberculosis in the differential diagnosis of pediatric otomastoiditis, even with isolated ear findings.
  • Emphasizes the need for vigilance in pediatric otologic surgery patients, particularly those with a history suggestive of tuberculosis.

Keywords:
ChildrenMiddle earMycobacterium tuberculosisTuberculous otomastoiditis

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