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Skin Biopsy for Diagnosing Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
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Non-IgE-related diagnostic methods (LST, patch test).

Kenji Matsumoto1

  • 1Department of Allergy and Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.

Chemical Immunology and Allergy
|May 30, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diagnosing delayed food allergies is challenging. The lymphocyte stimulation test (LST) shows promise for gastrointestinal symptoms, while the atopy patch test (APT) has limited use for atopic dermatitis patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Immediate (IgE-mediated) food allergies have established diagnostic tests.
  • Delayed (non-IgE-mediated) food allergies lack reliable diagnostic tools.
  • This chapter reviews current diagnostic approaches for non-IgE-mediated food allergies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the current understanding of the lymphocyte stimulation test (LST) and atopy patch test (APT) for diagnosing delayed food allergies.
  • To discuss the limitations and potential applications of LST and APT.
  • To review recent advancements and challenges in these diagnostic methods.

Main Methods:

  • Lymphocyte Stimulation Test (LST): An in vitro test assessing lymphocyte response to food antigens.
  • Atopy Patch Test (APT): An in vivo test applying food antigens to the skin to assess inflammatory reactions.
  • Literature review and summary of existing data and position papers.

Main Results:

  • LST may aid in diagnosing delayed food allergies, particularly those with gastrointestinal symptoms, despite standardization issues.
  • APT demonstrates modest sensitivity and specificity, limiting its clinical benefit for food allergies in atopic dermatitis patients.
  • Challenges for LST include cell contamination, while APT's utility is debated, especially for specific conditions like food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome.

Conclusions:

  • LST holds potential for diagnosing non-IgE-mediated food allergies with gastrointestinal manifestations.
  • APT's diagnostic value for food allergies in atopic dermatitis is currently limited.
  • Further standardization and research are needed for both LST and APT to improve their clinical utility.