Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions

Allergic Reactions

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin,...

Cross-reactivity

Cross-reactivity

Fruit Development, Structure, and Function

Fruit Development, Structure, and Function

Fruits form from a mature flower ovary. As seeds develop from the ovules contained within, the ovary wall undergoes a series of complex changes to form fruit. In some fruits, such as soybeans, the ovary wall dries; in other fruits, such as grapes, it remains fleshy. In some cases, organs other than the ovary contribute to fruit formation; such fruits are called accessory fruits.

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Determinants of Poor Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients With Food Allergy.

Allergy·2026

Same author

Frequency and Severity of Allergic Reactions to Non-Mandatory Labelled Allergenic Foods-Data From Two Large European Cohorts.

Allergy·2026

Same author

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Induction of Confirmed Eosinophilic Esophagitis as a Side Effect of Allergen Immunotherapy: An EAACI Task Force Report.

Allergy·2025

Same author

Allergy to Bee Pollen Supplement: Identification of Major Royal Jelly Protein 1 as the Culprit Allergen.

Journal of investigational allergology & clinical immunology·2025

Same author

Towards a common approach for managing food allergy and serious allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) at school. GA<sup>2</sup>LEN and EFA consensus statement.

Clinical and translational allergy·2025

Same author

Patient-Reported Outcomes on Food Immunotherapy Differ Between Countries and Foods: Results From COFAITH.

The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 11, 2026

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

Published on: May 31, 2021

Fruit and vegetable allergy.

Montserrat Fernández-Rivas¹

¹Allergy Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain.

Chemical Immunology and Allergy

|May 30, 2015

Summary

Pollen-food syndrome (PFS) and lipid transfer protein (LTP) syndrome are common fruit and vegetable allergies. Molecular diagnosis guides management, with immunotherapy showing promise for LTP syndrome.

Area of Science:

Food allergy research
Immunology
Clinical diagnostics

Background:

Fruit and vegetable allergies are common in adolescents and adults.
Understanding allergen properties and cross-reactivity is key to allergy mechanisms.
Pollen-food syndrome (PFS) and lipid transfer protein (LTP) syndrome represent contrasting allergy types.

Purpose of the Study:

To differentiate between pollen-food syndrome and lipid transfer protein syndrome.
To highlight the role of molecular diagnostics in allergy management.
To discuss current and potential future treatment strategies for fruit and vegetable allergies.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature on fruit and vegetable allergies.
Analysis of allergen characteristics (stability, cross-reactivity).

More Related Videos

A Component-resolved Diagnostic Approach for a Study on Grass Pollen Allergens in Chinese Southerners with Allergic Rhinitis and/or Asthma

A Component-resolved Diagnostic Approach for a Study on Grass Pollen Allergens in Chinese Southerners with Allergic Rhinitis and/or Asthma

Published on: June 4, 2017

Application of Biochip Microfluidic Technology to Detect Serum Allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E sIgE

Application of Biochip Microfluidic Technology to Detect Serum Allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E sIgE

Published on: April 21, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 11, 2026

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

Published on: May 31, 2021

A Component-resolved Diagnostic Approach for a Study on Grass Pollen Allergens in Chinese Southerners with Allergic Rhinitis and/or Asthma

A Component-resolved Diagnostic Approach for a Study on Grass Pollen Allergens in Chinese Southerners with Allergic Rhinitis and/or Asthma

Published on: June 4, 2017

Application of Biochip Microfluidic Technology to Detect Serum Allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E sIgE

Application of Biochip Microfluidic Technology to Detect Serum Allergen-specific Immunoglobulin E sIgE

Published on: April 21, 2019

Comparison of clinical phenotypes and diagnostic approaches for PFS and LTP syndrome.

Main Results:

PFS involves labile pollen allergens, causing mild oral reactions.
LTP syndrome involves stable allergens, leading to severe systemic reactions and anaphylaxis.
Molecular diagnostics are crucial for risk assessment and management.

Conclusions:

PFS and LTP syndrome have distinct allergen profiles and clinical outcomes.
Management includes avoidance and emergency medication, with immunotherapy being a potential future therapy for LTP syndrome.
Further research into allergen-specific immunotherapy is warranted.