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Other Pulmonary Disorders

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...

Common Respiratory Disorders

Common Respiratory Disorders

Respiratory disorders, a prevalent health concern globally, are generally divided into two primary categories: upper and lower respiratory tract disorders. The categorization is based on the area of the respiratory system they affect.
Upper respiratory disorders impact the airways above the vocal cords, encompassing areas like the nose, sinuses, and throat. Various conditions fall under this category, including the common cold and allergic rhinitis. These disorders can stem from several causes,...

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.

Understanding the variety of primary symptoms and systemic complications that characterize chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial for healthcare professionals.
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD:

Breathing

Breathing

The process of breathing, inhaling and exhaling, involves the coordinated movement of the chest wall, the lungs, and the muscles that move them. Two muscle groups with important roles in breathing are the diaphragm, located directly below the lungs, and the intercostal muscles, which lie between the ribs. When the diaphragm contracts, it moves downward, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and creating more room for the lungs to expand. When the intercostal muscles contract, the ribs...

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation

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Updated: Apr 11, 2026

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus

Published on: March 6, 2019

[Lung diseases in children].

O Sommerburg¹, J P Schenk, M A Mall

¹Sektion Pädiatrische Pneumologie & Allergologie und Mukoviszidose-Zentrum, Klinik III, Zentrum für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland, olaf.sommerburg@med.uni-heidelberg.de.

|May 30, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Pediatric lung diseases, including pneumonia and asthma, require ongoing diagnostic and therapeutic advancements. Pediatric pulmonology is key to translating research into improved patient outcomes for acute and chronic conditions.

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Last Updated: Apr 11, 2026

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus

Published on: March 6, 2019

Generation of Human 3D Lung Tissue Cultures 3D-LTCs for Disease Modeling

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Breath Collection from Children for Disease Biomarker Discovery

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Published on: February 14, 2019

Area of Science:

Pediatric Pulmonology
Childhood Respiratory Diseases
Pediatric Respiratory Medicine

Context:

Lung diseases are common in children, impacting both acute and chronic conditions.
Advances in diagnostics and therapy can significantly improve outcomes for pediatric pulmonary diseases.
Understanding recent developments is crucial for managing childhood lung diseases.

Purpose:

To review and evaluate significant lung diseases in children.
To incorporate recent advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric lung conditions.
To highlight the role of pediatric pulmonology in clinical practice.

Summary:

Pneumonia is a leading cause of childhood mortality globally; while antibiotics help, complications like empyema remain challenging.
Asthma is the most common chronic pediatric disease in Germany, manageable with anti-inflammatory inhalation therapy.
Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is the most common fatal inherited Caucasian disease, with early-onset obstructive lung disease causing most morbidity and mortality; mutation-specific therapies offer individualized treatment.

Impact:

Continuous improvement in diagnostics and therapy is essential for better management of pediatric lung diseases.
Pediatric pulmonology facilitates the integration of scientific progress into clinical practice.
Enhanced understanding and treatment strategies will improve the prognosis for children with acute and chronic lung conditions.