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Updated: Apr 11, 2026

Natural Product Discovery with LC-MS/MS Diagnostic Fragmentation Filtering: Application for Microcystin Analysis
Published on: May 31, 2019
Toxicopathology induced by microcystins and nodularin: a histopathological review
Zorica Svirčev1, Jelena Lujić, Zoran Marinović
1a Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad , Serbia.
Abstract:
Cyanobacteria are present in all aquatic ecosystems throughout the world. They are able to produce toxic secondary metabolites, and microcystins are those most frequently found. Research has displayed a negative influence of microcystins and closely related nodularin on fish, and various histopathological alterations have been observed in many organs of the exposed fish. The aim of this article is to summarize the present knowledge of the impact of microcystins and nodularin on the histology of fish. The observed negative effects of cyanotoxins indicate that cyanobacteria and their toxins are a relevant medical (due to irritation, acute poisoning, tumor promotion, and carcinogenesis), ecotoxicological, and economic problem that may affect both fish and fish consumers including humans.
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