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Work-related asthma (WRA), including occupational asthma (OA), is a common lung disease caused by workplace exposures. Effective management involves accurate diagnosis and avoiding triggers, often requiring job changes for better outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Medicine
  • Pulmonology
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Work-related asthma (WRA), encompassing occupational asthma (OA) and work-exacerbated asthma (WEA), is a leading cause of work-related lung disease globally.
  • OA is classified as sensitizer-induced (allergic) or irritant-induced (nonallergic), while WEA is asthma worsened by workplace conditions.
  • WRA significantly impacts quality of life through lost workdays, disability, income loss, and psychosocial issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the prevalence, diagnosis, and management of work-related asthma.
  • To highlight the importance of accurate diagnosis and effective exposure avoidance strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of occupational asthma and work-exacerbated asthma.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria and treatment approaches for WRA.
  • Classification of workplace agents implicated in WRA.

Main Results:

  • Over 400 workplace agents are known to cause or worsen WRA.
  • Accurate diagnosis requires objective functional and immunologic testing beyond self-reported symptoms.
  • Early and complete cessation of exposure offers the best prognosis for occupational asthma.

Conclusions:

  • Work-related asthma necessitates prompt diagnosis and tailored management strategies.
  • Avoidance of workplace sensitizers or irritants is crucial for treatment and prevention.
  • Job or profession changes may be required for optimal patient outcomes in occupational asthma.