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The relationship between Helicobacter pylori seropositivity and COPD
Marc A Sze1, Yu-Wei Roy Chen1, Sheena Tam1
1Department of Medicine (Division of Respiratory Medicine), Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Providence Heart/Lung Institute at St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Helicobacter pylori infection is linked to reduced lung function and increased cardiovascular mortality risk in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This association may stem from early-life effects on lung growth and systemic inflammation.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
- Cardiovascular Health
Background:
- Chronic systemic infections, including Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), are implicated in the development and progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
- The Lung Health Study (LHS) provided data to investigate the link between H. pylori infection and COPD outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the relationship between H. pylori infection and COPD severity and progression.
- To assess the impact of H. pylori on lung function (FEV1) and mortality in COPD patients.
Main Methods:
- H. pylori immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody titers were measured in 4765 mild-to-moderate COPD patients using immunoassay.
- Multiple regression analysis examined the association of H. pylori seropositivity with FEV1, FEV1 decline rate, and mortality over 11 years.
Main Results:
- 18% of COPD patients were seropositive for H. pylori, showing significantly lower FEV1 (L) values (p=0.00012).
- H. pylori seropositivity correlated with increased C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (p=0.012) and a higher risk of cardiovascular mortality (RR 1.61, p=0.05).
- The association between H. pylori and FEV1 lost significance when FEV1 per cent predicted (FEV1pp) was used (p=0.45).
Conclusions:
- H. pylori infection is associated with reduced lung function in COPD patients, potentially due to early-life effects on lung development.
- The infection is also linked to systemic inflammation and an elevated risk of cardiovascular mortality in this population.
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