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Identifying predation on rodent teeth through structure and composition: A case from Morocco.

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Summary

Nocturnal bird of prey predation concentrates rodent fossils, leaving bone and tooth alterations. Chemical analysis of incisors can identify the predator, aiding taphonomy and paleoecology studies.

Keywords:
AlterationCompositionDentineEnamelOwl regurgitation pelletStructure

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Area of Science:

  • Paleontology
  • Taphonomy
  • Zooarchaeology

Background:

  • Rodent fossils often accumulate due to predation by nocturnal birds of prey.
  • This predation leaves distinct surface alterations on rodent bones and teeth.
  • Understanding these pre-diagenesis alterations is crucial for interpreting fossil assemblages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate and characterize pre-diagenesis alterations on rodent fossil samples.
  • To determine if microstructural and chemical analyses can identify predators of rodents.
  • To assess the implications for taphonomy and paleoecology.

Main Methods:

  • Microstructural and chemical analyses were performed on rodent incisors.
  • Samples included incisors from present-day Moroccan wild animals and owl pellets.
  • Techniques used were electron microprobe chemical analysis and infrared spectrometry.

Main Results:

  • Rodent incisor microstructure (dentine and enamel) was well preserved.
  • Chemical changes were observed in pellet samples, varying by tissue and predator.
  • Compositional data successfully allowed for predator assignment to an unknown incisor.

Conclusions:

  • Microstructural integrity of rodent incisors is maintained during predation.
  • Chemical analysis of incisor tissues can identify the predator.
  • This method enhances the understanding of fossil site formation and paleoecology.