Brugada ECG patterns in athletes

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Electrophysiology
• Sudden Cardiac Death

Background:

• Brugada syndrome accounts for significant sudden cardiac deaths globally, particularly in individuals with structurally normal hearts.
• The arrhythmogenic substrate is linked to heterogeneous repolarization and depolarization in the right ventricle's outflow tract.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review Brugada syndrome, its electrocardiogram (ECG) patterns, and diagnostic criteria.
• To address challenges in distinguishing Brugada patterns, especially in athletes.
• To provide recommendations for evaluating Brugada ECG patterns.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on Brugada syndrome and ECG patterns.
• Analysis of proposed criteria for assessing Brugada ECG patterns.
• Emphasis on the importance of correct precordial ECG lead placement.

Main Results:

• The diagnostic coved Type I ECG pattern is infrequently observed.
• Differentiating Type 2 (saddleback) and other Brugada-like patterns poses diagnostic challenges.
• Various criteria exist for assessing Brugada ECG patterns.

Conclusions:

• Accurate ECG interpretation and lead placement are crucial for diagnosing Brugada syndrome.
• Recent criteria and evaluation recommendations are presented to aid clinicians.
• Further clarity is needed for differentiating Brugada patterns, particularly in specific populations like athletes.