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Post-vaccine measles in a child with concomitant influenza, Sicily, Italy, March 2015
F Tramuto1, P Dones, C D Angelo
1Department of Sciences for the Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care G. D Alessandro - Hygiene section, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Abstract:
We describe the occurrence of measles in an 18 month-old patient in Sicily, Italy, in March 2015, who received the first dose of a measles-containing vaccine seven days before onset of prodromal symptoms. Measles virus infection was confirmed by PCR and detection of specific immunoglobulin; viral genotyping permitted the confirmation of a vaccine-associated illness. The patient had a concurrent influenza virus infection, during a seasonal epidemic outbreak of influenza.
Insights
A measles case in Sicily was confirmed as vaccine-associated illness despite the patient receiving a measles vaccine dose seven days prior. This measles virus infection occurred alongside a concurrent influenza virus infection.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Virology
- Immunology
Background:
- Measles remains a significant public health concern globally.
- Vaccination is the primary strategy for measles prevention.
- Understanding vaccine-associated measles is crucial for public health surveillance.
Observation:
- An 18-month-old child in Sicily presented with measles symptoms seven days after their first measles-containing vaccine dose.
- The patient also had a concurrent influenza virus infection during a seasonal epidemic.
Findings:
- Measles virus infection was confirmed via PCR and specific immunoglobulin detection.
- Viral genotyping identified the measles strain as vaccine-associated.
- The co-infection with influenza was confirmed during a seasonal outbreak.
Implications:
- This case highlights the importance of considering vaccine-associated measles in differential diagnoses, even shortly after vaccination.
- Understanding concurrent infections like influenza is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management of measles cases.
- This finding contributes to the ongoing surveillance and understanding of measles vaccine efficacy and potential adverse events.
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