[Diagnosis and therapy for neurocognitive disorders in Parkinson's disease]

In the present review the recent developments in the definitions of neurocognitive disorders associated with Parkinson's disease are summarized including the possibilities for screening and treating. For a long time, the recognition of neurocognitive disorders associated in patients with Parkinson's disease was unsatisfactory due to the heterogeneity of definitions. The recently developed Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5) introduced the definitions of mild and major neurocognitive disorders instead of mild cognitive impairment and dementia. The new DSM-5 definitions are clinically well applicable; therefore, the validation of the most frequent screening tests (Mini-Mental State Examination; Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination; Montreal Cognitive Assessment; Mattis Dementia Rating Scale) is warranted. Based on a Hungarian sample of 295 patients with Parkinson's disease, the cut-off scores having the best discriminative values are highly dependent on education years (Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination: 0-8 years of education: 82.5 points, 9-12 years of education: 83.5 points, and ≥13 years of education: 84.5 points; Mini-Mental State Examination: 26.5-27.5-28.5 points, Montreal Cognitive Assessment: 23.5-24.5-24.5 points, Mattis Dementia Rating Scale: 138.5-139.5-139.5 points, respectively).