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Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...
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The sleep cycle, an integral part of human health, consists of several stages with distinct characteristics and functions. It begins with a transition from wakefulness to sleep, known as the light sleep phase, followed by the restorative deep sleep phase, essential for physical recovery and growth. The cycle concludes with the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) phase, characterized by high brain activity and vivid dreaming. Insomnia, a prevalent sleep disorder, involves difficulty falling asleep, staying...
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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
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As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 11, 2026

Author Spotlight: Overcoming Challenges in Drosophila Sleep Measurement Using DAM System
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Melatonin in aging women.

A Yarci Gursoy1, M Kiseli1, G S Caglar1

  • 1a Ufuk University Faculty of Medicine , Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Ankara , Turkey.

Climacteric : the Journal of the International Menopause Society
|June 2, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Melatonin, a key hormone for circadian rhythm, declines with age, particularly in women during menopause. This review explores the effects of reduced melatonin and potential benefits of replacement therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Melatonin, a pineal gland neurohormone, regulates circadian rhythm and is influenced by light.
  • Altered melatonin levels are linked to sleep disorders, skeletal and immune system modulation, metabolism, and antioxidant functions.
  • Melatonin levels decrease with age, a phenomenon poorly understood, especially in aging women coinciding with menopause.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of altered melatonin levels in aging women.
  • To summarize the outcomes of exogenous melatonin replacement therapies in this demographic.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on melatonin in aging women.
  • Analysis of research on menopause-related melatonin changes.
  • Evaluation of clinical trial data for melatonin replacement therapies.
Keywords:
AGINGMELATONINMENOPAUSEWOMEN

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Main Results:

  • Age-related decline in melatonin affects various physiological systems.
  • Menopause is associated with decreased melatonin levels in women.
  • Exogenous melatonin may offer therapeutic benefits, but further research is needed.

Conclusions:

  • Altered melatonin levels significantly impact aging women's health.
  • Melatonin replacement therapy warrants further investigation for menopausal symptoms and age-related conditions.
  • Understanding melatonin's role is crucial for addressing health challenges in aging women.